Improvement in force-pumps



W. F. RA'YIVIONIDl Force-Pumps.

' No. 199,380. Patented Jan. 22,1878.

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Qrkrm UNITED STATES PATENT OEEICE.

WILRUR E.' RAYMOND, OE BROOKLYN, ASSICNOR To EiMsELE, CHARLES A. ALLEN,or NEW YORK, AND AUSTIN'C. FOSTER, or SENECA FALLS, y

NEW YORK.

IMPROVEMENT IN FORCEQPUMPS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent N o. 199,380, dated January22, 1878; application led June 25, 1877.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WTLRUR F. RAYMOND, of Brooklyn, Kings County, in theState of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvementsrelating to Pumps, of which the following is a specification:

My improvements may be applied with some success to many kinds of pumps,but I have in my experiments applied it only to portable pumps. Ilbelieve that it will be by far the most usefulin pumps of that class.

I have succeeded in devising .an arrangement and construction wherebyastrong and continuous stream is thrown with a very com pact and reliablemechanism. y

"The accompanying drawings form a part of this specication, andrepresent what I consider the best means of carrying out the invention.A p

Y Figure l is a central longitudinal section, and Fig. 2 is one of thedetails on a larger scaledetached.

Similar letters of reference indicate'like parts in all the gures. j

The barrel is marked `A. It is contracted at its lower end, forming aseat for the lower valve B, and extends a little distance below thisvalve-seat in a slightly -tapered extension, A', on which tapered partis fitted a short length of rubber tube, M, with a broad rubber ilangeor annular rim, M', the func-A tionsv of which will presently appear.

The top of the barrel is contracted, with a packing and provisions foradjusting it. ThroughV the packing works a polished tube or hollowpiston rod or plunger, D, the upper part of which is adapted to begrasped by the hand for operating it. The extreme top carries achangeable tip or nozzle, which connects with a smaller tube, D',

extending down the interior of the hollow rod.

D vto about the extent indicated. Y

This tubeD is peculiarly formed and equipped at and near its lower end.At the bottom is a contraction, D2, forming a seat for a ballvalve, C. Alittle above the tube is contracted suddenly in diameter, and iscontinued of that reduced diameter a compressing and Sufficient lengthto form thereby a seat, on which the loose annular piston E may freelyplay within certain limits. This piston E may be mainly of metal packedwith a soft fibrous material, and forming a practically-tight it on itsinner edge against the contracted part D3 of the tube D, and at itsouter edge against the interior of the barrel A.

I can employ one or more Washers of rubber, G, fitting against slightextensions or anges D4 D", which aid in making a tight fit when theannularpiston E presses against the same.

A Series of holes, d, are made through the tube near 4the upper end ofthe contracted portion D3.

I form an annular water-chamber, z', around the exterior of the barrel Aby inclosing it within an exterior casing, H. A series of holes,l a,near the top of the barrel, put the upper end in communication withtheannular chamber c'. f

The exterior casing'H is extended downward below the extension A'ofbarrel A, and adapted to receive a hose or other Suitable connection, asmay be'required. Within it, alittle above the base, is a Short taperingtube, H2, supported by means of an internal flange, H, which latter isliberally perforated'with holes h, and forms the seat for the annularvalve M', before referred to.

When the pump is adjusted for use, the rubber portion M forms atight-fitting connection betweenVv the extension A' at the lower end ofthe barrel and the internal tube H2. l

The exterior casingH is formed with a screwcoupling, H3, which, onscrewing down, forms a tight joint by the aid of a slight rubber ring,H4, applied as represented. On connecting the coupling H3,-the partscome to a tightbearing on the rubber H4 at the same moment as thetapering extension orv socket A' cornes to a tight bearing in therubberpacked interior of the tube H2.

To allow for want of mathematical perfection in this respect, the tubeH2 and the extension Al are made with only a slight taper,

Vso that by the yielding'f of the rubber Mbetween them the' l socket orextension Al may be thrust deeper down or may be arrested higher up, andstill the joint be tightly maintained by the rubber M withinconsiderable limits. 4

I provide screw-connections with other suitable couplings at the top,and at other convenient places, if desired. The exterior of thestructure, being more exposed to injury from blows and otherwise thanthe internal parts, is liable to become bruised and defaced. n Theannular chamber between the exterior casing H and the barrel A performsa double function of allowing vconsiderable indentations in the exteriorcasing without affecting the barrel, and also of affording aliberalwater-passage for the water to reach the holes a'. v

I prefer ball-valves of rubberor other suitable material for the valvesB and O, and in such case I can cage them, respectively, by extending apin across a little above each, as represented.

I propose, in most cases, to employ an additional valve, F, in theposition lrepresented,

also caged by a pin above, which serves as a check. t

Operation: The parts being applied efficiently together, and the pumplled with water, pressing down the hollow piston-rod D causes the valveB to close and the valve C to rise and receive water from the lower por-.tion ofthe barrel into the hollow piston-rod, and to be dischargedthrough the nozzle or tip at the top. The loose piston E, during theearly portion of the descending movement, rises both by the friction ofits exterior against the barrel and by the pressure of the water belowto the upper end of -the contracted portion D3, in which position itcovers the `holes d, and constitutes for the time being an absolutelytight piston, which, as it descends, not only compresses the water inthe barrel below and forces it out through' the nozzle at the top, butalso draws in water into the upper part of the barrel through the holesa, which water is received freely through the annular space between thebarrel and the exterior casing H by the lifting ofthe flexible flange orvalve M. A t

So soon as the hollow piston-rod D has reached the lower end of itsmotion, andthe force of the hand at the top is applied to draw it upwardagain, the valve B rises. to receive water into the lower portion'of thebarrel, the valve C closes the. lower endof the piston-rod, and thevalve M'.y :drops onto its perforated seat, preventing any-back iiowthrough the holes a, and imprisoning the water in the upper part of thebarrel. I 'At thesame time the annular piston E is shifted tothe. lowerend of the contracted portion D3, and vexposes the holes d, throughwhich the water in the upper part of the barrel is received freely to bedischarged through the nozzle `at the top. There is thus a discharge atthe top, both with the descent and with the ascent of the hollowpiston-rod.

In order to maintain a continuous stream, I provide an air-'chamber byutilizing the upper portion yof the hollow piston-rod D exterior to itsinclosed tube D1. Gare. must be taken that in charging the pump it beheld upright, so as to retain air in the space referred to.

In pumping rapidly, or forcing the water to any considerable heightthrough a hose coupled on the nozzle, under any conditions where thepressure in the pump is considerable, the water will rise around thelower end of the interior tube D1; but it will never rise to the top. Itwill always retain an annular chamber of air, which, by its elasticcompressions and expansions, keeps the current of water practicallyuniform.

Various modifications may be made in the details. Thus, for example, Ican vsolder or otherwise permanently join the upper ends of the.internal -tube H2 th the hollow pistonrod D, and thus reduce thechances of leaking the air from the air-chamber.

l I-can provide a cross-handle adapted to receive both hands, and canequip the pump with a base adapted to receive the feet of the operator.This may be desirable in some peculiar situations; but I prefer theparts Vas here specified. Y

Some of the parts may be useful without the others. t

For general miscellaneous use all the principal parts should be ofbrass, and as light as consistent with the proper strength.

The valve F, mounted in the hollow pistonrod D, performs the dutiessimply of a check- `valve, to aid theother valves in resisting abackward flow when the pump is at rest. It may be dispensed withaltogether when desired.

I claim as my invention- .1. The valve G, mounted below the movablepiston E, in combination with the hollow plunger D,having the holes d,and with the barrel A, having the holes a, and a suitable exteriorcasing, H, and valves B and M, as herein specified. v

2. The valve M', with its tubular part M, and the means for confining itbetween the extension Al and the tube H2, extending downward from theseat H1 h, as herein specified.

3.The combination of the screw-coupling H3 and its packing 'H4 in theexterior casing Hwith the tapering tube H2, rubber valve M M andtapering exten sion A exten ding downward from the barrel A, as and forthe purposes herein specified.

4. In combination with the barrel A, ex-

terior easing H, hollow plunger D, and hol- In testimony whereof I havehereunto set low movable piston E, the delivery-valve C my hand this19th day of June, 1877, in the belowand the cheok-valvel above saidpiston, presence of two subscribing witnesses.

and. carried therewith on the hollow plunger, WILBUR F. RAYMOND. andwith suitable valves B and M' seated on Witnesses:

the xed parts, as and for the purposes speci- THOMAS D. STE'rsoN,

GHAs. 0. STE'rsoN.

